Mr. Goenka wrote a book about the Sattipathana Sutta. He reviews the Sutta line by line, and describes how the U Bha Khin technique derives from the Sutta. He openly admits that there are other interpretations of the Sutta, and goes so far as to explain why his organization favors the interpretations they use. This manual, combined with "Satipatthana: The Direct Path to Realization" by Analayo, really helped quell any doubts I had about this technique.
There are some other aspects of his techniques that scholars could argue with on academic grounds. Mr. Goenka places a lot of emphasis on the "paramis", which was probably a teaching that came after the Buddha (but still widely accepted in many branches of the Theravada). His teachings about sankhara are hotly debated in other sections of this forum. But neither of these teachings are central to the technique, nor are they unusual for Buddhism as it exists in that part of the world. (Or so I have heard...)
http://store.pariyatti.org/Mahasatipatt ... _1734.html"Mahasatipatthana Sutta Book Great Discourse on the Establishing of Awareness - ... This annotated translation of the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta, the primary discourse in which the Buddha describes the practice of meditation in detail, is intended for use in the meditation courses on the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta as taught by S.N. Goenka. It will be of interest to any serious student of meditation or of the Buddha's teaching. The sutta text is in Roman-script Pāli, with English translation, introductory article and notes."