Greetings, Retrofuturist,
Similar to your canonical reference, at the end of the Kalama sutta, there is the section on the four assurances:
“Now, Kālāmas, one who is a disciple of the noble ones—his mind thus free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure—acquires four assurances in the here & now:
“‘
If there is a world after death, if there is the fruit & result of actions rightly & wrongly done, then this is the basis by which, with the break-up of the body, after death, I will reappear in a good destination, a heavenly world.’ This is the first assurance he acquires.
“‘
But if there is no world after death, if there is no fruit & result of actions rightly & wrongly done, then here in the present life I look after myself with ease—free from hostility, free from ill will, free from trouble.’ This is the second assurance he acquires.
“‘If evil is done through acting, still I have willed no evil for anyone. Having done no evil action, from where will suffering touch me?’ This is the third assurance he acquires.
“‘But if no evil is done through acting, then I can assume myself pure in both respects.’ This is the fourth assurance he acquires.
https://www.dhammatalks.org/suttas/AN/AN3_66.html
It's not clear how such passages can be taken as a blanket disregard of rebirth. Namely, both of these suttas take for granted that living "free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure" is its own reward.
But it is open to discussion what "freedom from hostility, freedom from ill will, being undefiled and pure" would or should actually look like in practice.
Living "free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure" in a conservative Buddhist sense would make one a loser and a pariah in the modern world, making it very hard for such a person to still believe that those personal qualities are worthwhile.
On the other hand, under the dictate of political correctness, a person exhibiting straightforward hatred and hostility can still be claimed to be "free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure."
In conclusion, in the suttas, concerns over rebirth can be seen to be set aside or assauged when living "free from hostility, free from ill will, undefiled, & pure" is seen as being own reward. But beyond that, it's not clear how concerns over rebirth can or should be set aside.