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The Bhaiṣajyavastu, “The Chapter on Medicines,” is a part of the
Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya, the corpus of monastic law of one of the most
influential Buddhist schools in India. This chapter deals with monastic
regulations about medicines. At the same time, it also includes various
elements not restricted to such rules: stories of the Buddha and his disciples,
a lengthy story of the Buddha’s journey for the purpose of quelling an
epidemic and converting a nāga, a number of stories of the Buddha’s former
lives narrated by the Buddha himself, and a series of verses recited by the
Buddha and his disciples about their former lives. Thus, this chapter
preserves not only interesting information about medical knowledge shared
by ancient Indian Buddhist monastics but also an abundance of Buddhist
narrative literature.